{"meta":{"license":"CC0-1.0","count":150,"filters":{"namespace":null}},"results":[{"slug":"reverse-osmosis","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Reverse Osmosis","zh":"反渗透"},"summary":{"en":"Reverse osmosis (RO) is a pressure-driven membrane process that removes dissolved salts and most other contaminants by forcing water through a semipermeable membrane against the osmotic gradient. It is the dominant technology in modern seawater desalination and high-purity industrial water.","zh":"反渗透（RO）是一种压力驱动的膜分离工艺，通过对水施加高于渗透压的压力，使其透过半透膜，从而去除溶解盐和绝大多数污染物。它是现代海水淡化与高纯工业用水的主流技术。"},"status":"reviewed","reviewed":"2026-06-30","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Process type","zh":"工艺类型"},"value":"Pressure-driven membrane separation"},{"label":{"en":"Typical SWRO pressure","zh":"海水淡化典型压力"},"value":"55–82 bar"},{"label":{"en":"Salt rejection","zh":"脱盐率"},"value":"99.0–99.8%"},{"label":{"en":"SWRO energy (with ERD)","zh":"海淡能耗（含能量回收）"},"value":"≈ 3.0–4.0 kWh/m³"},{"label":{"en":"WICS class","zh":"WICS分类"},"value":"02.1 · 07.1"}],"wics":["02.1","07.1"],"related":["seawater-desalination","ultrafiltration","potable-reuse"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/reverse-osmosis","web":"/en/wiki/reverse-osmosis"},{"slug":"membrane-bioreactor","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Membrane Bioreactor (MBR)","zh":"膜生物反应器"},"summary":{"en":"A membrane bioreactor combines biological activated-sludge treatment with membrane filtration (typically UF or MF), replacing secondary clarifiers and producing high-quality effluent suitable for reuse in a compact footprint.","zh":"膜生物反应器将活性污泥生物处理与膜过滤（通常为超滤或微滤）相结合，取代二沉池，在紧凑占地内产出可回用的高品质出水。"},"status":"reviewed","reviewed":"2026-06-28","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Process type","zh":"工艺类型"},"value":"Biological + membrane filtration"},{"label":{"en":"Membrane type","zh":"膜类型"},"value":"UF / MF (0.01–0.4 µm)"},{"label":{"en":"Configuration","zh":"构型"},"value":"Submerged (iMBR) or sidestream"},{"label":{"en":"MLSS range","zh":"混合液悬浮固体"},"value":"8,000–15,000 mg/L"},{"label":{"en":"WICS class","zh":"WICS分类"},"value":"02.3"}],"wics":["02.3"],"related":["ultrafiltration","potable-reuse","anaerobic-digestion"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/membrane-bioreactor","web":"/en/wiki/membrane-bioreactor"},{"slug":"seawater-desalination","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Seawater Desalination","zh":"海水淡化"},"summary":{"en":"Seawater desalination produces fresh water from the ocean, principally by reverse osmosis (membrane) or thermal distillation (MSF/MED). Global installed capacity exceeds 100 million m³/day, concentrated in the Middle East but growing fastest in Asia and North Africa.","zh":"海水淡化从海洋中制取淡水，主要采用反渗透（膜法）或热蒸馏（多级闪蒸/多效蒸馏）。全球装机规模已超过每日1亿立方米，集中于中东，而亚洲与北非增长最快。"},"status":"reviewed","reviewed":"2026-06-25","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Main technologies","zh":"主要技术"},"value":"SWRO, MSF, MED"},{"label":{"en":"Dominant new-build tech","zh":"新建主流技术"},"value":"Reverse osmosis (SWRO)"},{"label":{"en":"Global capacity","zh":"全球产能"},"value":"> 100 million m³/day","note":"Cumulative installed (IDA/GWI datasets)"},{"label":{"en":"Largest SWRO plant","zh":"最大反渗透厂"},"value":"Taweelah, UAE (~900,000 m³/d)"},{"label":{"en":"WICS class","zh":"WICS分类"},"value":"07.1"}],"wics":["07.1"],"related":["reverse-osmosis","potable-reuse"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/seawater-desalination","web":"/en/wiki/seawater-desalination"},{"slug":"ultrafiltration","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Ultrafiltration","zh":"超滤"},"summary":{"en":"Ultrafiltration (UF) is a low-pressure membrane process that removes suspended solids, colloids, bacteria and most viruses by size exclusion, widely used for drinking-water clarification and as pretreatment ahead of reverse osmosis.","zh":"超滤（UF）是一种低压膜工艺，通过尺寸筛分去除悬浮物、胶体、细菌及绝大多数病毒，广泛用于饮用水澄清以及反渗透的前处理。"},"status":"reviewed","reviewed":"2026-06-20","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Pore size","zh":"孔径"},"value":"≈ 0.01–0.1 µm"},{"label":{"en":"Operating pressure","zh":"运行压力"},"value":"0.5–3 bar"},{"label":{"en":"Removes","zh":"去除对象"},"value":"Solids, colloids, bacteria, most viruses"},{"label":{"en":"WICS class","zh":"WICS分类"},"value":"02.2"}],"wics":["02.2"],"related":["reverse-osmosis","membrane-bioreactor"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/ultrafiltration","web":"/en/wiki/ultrafiltration"},{"slug":"uv-disinfection","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"UV Disinfection","zh":"紫外消毒"},"summary":{"en":"Ultraviolet disinfection inactivates pathogens by damaging their nucleic acids with UV-C light, providing chemical-free disinfection with no disinfection-by-product formation and strong efficacy against chlorine-resistant organisms such as Cryptosporidium.","zh":"紫外消毒利用UV-C光破坏病原体核酸使其失活，实现无化学药剂消毒，不产生消毒副产物，并对隐孢子虫等耐氯生物具有很强效果。"},"status":"reviewed","reviewed":"2026-06-15","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Mechanism","zh":"机理"},"value":"UV-C photochemical damage to DNA/RNA"},{"label":{"en":"Peak germicidal wavelength","zh":"峰值杀菌波长"},"value":"≈ 254 nm (LP) / 200–280 nm (MP)"},{"label":{"en":"Typical dose","zh":"典型剂量"},"value":"40 mJ/cm² (validated drinking water)"},{"label":{"en":"WICS class","zh":"WICS分类"},"value":"01.4"}],"wics":["01.4"],"related":["ozonation-aop","potable-reuse"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/uv-disinfection","web":"/en/wiki/uv-disinfection"},{"slug":"ozonation-aop","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Ozonation & Advanced Oxidation","zh":"臭氧与高级氧化"},"summary":{"en":"Ozone and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) generate powerful oxidants — ozone itself and hydroxyl radicals — to break down micropollutants, taste-and-odour compounds and colour, increasingly required for micropollutant removal in wastewater.","zh":"臭氧及高级氧化工艺（AOP）产生臭氧本身及羟基自由基等强氧化剂，用于分解微污染物、致嗅致味物质和色度，在污水微污染物去除中的需求日益增长。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-06-12","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Key oxidants","zh":"主要氧化剂"},"value":"O₃, •OH radicals"},{"label":{"en":"Common AOPs","zh":"常见高级氧化"},"value":"O₃/H₂O₂, UV/H₂O₂, UV/O₃"},{"label":{"en":"Main driver","zh":"主要驱动"},"value":"Micropollutant / CEC removal"},{"label":{"en":"WICS class","zh":"WICS分类"},"value":"01.4"}],"wics":["01.4"],"related":["uv-disinfection","pfas"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/ozonation-aop","web":"/en/wiki/ozonation-aop"},{"slug":"zero-liquid-discharge","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD)","zh":"零液体排放"},"summary":{"en":"Zero liquid discharge is a treatment strategy that eliminates liquid waste discharge by concentrating and crystallizing dissolved solids, recovering nearly all water for reuse. It is used where discharge is restricted or water is scarce, notably in Chinese and Indian industry.","zh":"零液体排放（ZLD）通过浓缩并结晶溶解性固体、几乎全部回收水以供回用，从而消除液态废物排放，常用于排放受限或缺水的场景，尤其是中国和印度的工业领域。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-06-10","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Goal","zh":"目标"},"value":"No liquid effluent; solids only"},{"label":{"en":"Typical train","zh":"典型工艺链"},"value":"Pretreatment → RO → evaporator → crystallizer"},{"label":{"en":"Water recovery","zh":"水回收率"},"value":"≈ 95–99%"},{"label":{"en":"WICS class","zh":"WICS分类"},"value":"01.9"}],"wics":["01.9"],"related":["reverse-osmosis","seawater-desalination"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/zero-liquid-discharge","web":"/en/wiki/zero-liquid-discharge"},{"slug":"anaerobic-digestion","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Anaerobic Digestion","zh":"厌氧消化"},"summary":{"en":"Anaerobic digestion stabilizes sewage sludge and organic waste in the absence of oxygen, reducing solids volume and producing biogas — a route to energy-neutral or energy-positive wastewater treatment.","zh":"厌氧消化在无氧条件下稳定污水污泥和有机废物，减少固体体积并产生沼气——是实现污水处理能源中和乃至产能的重要途径。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-06-08","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Process","zh":"工艺"},"value":"Anaerobic biological stabilization"},{"label":{"en":"Main product","zh":"主要产物"},"value":"Biogas (CH₄ + CO₂)"},{"label":{"en":"Typical temperature","zh":"典型温度"},"value":"Mesophilic ≈ 35 °C / thermophilic ≈ 55 °C"},{"label":{"en":"WICS class","zh":"WICS分类"},"value":"01.6"}],"wics":["01.6"],"related":["membrane-bioreactor"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/anaerobic-digestion","web":"/en/wiki/anaerobic-digestion"},{"slug":"pfas","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"PFAS (Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances)","zh":"全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）"},"summary":{"en":"PFAS are a large family of synthetic fluorinated chemicals valued for water- and grease-resistance but extremely persistent in the environment and linked to health effects. They are the highest-intensity contaminant topic in the water sector, driving new regulations and a large treatment market.","zh":"PFAS是一大类人工合成的含氟化学物质，因其防水防油特性而被广泛使用，但在环境中极难降解，并与健康影响相关。它是水行业关注度最高的污染物议题，推动了大量新法规与庞大的处理市场。"},"status":"reviewed","reviewed":"2026-07-01","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Also called","zh":"别称"},"value":"'Forever chemicals'"},{"label":{"en":"US MCL (PFOA / PFOS)","zh":"美国限值（PFOA/PFOS）"},"value":"4 ng/L each","note":"US EPA final rule, 2024"},{"label":{"en":"Key treatments","zh":"主要处理技术"},"value":"GAC, ion exchange, high-pressure RO/NF"},{"label":{"en":"Destruction (emerging)","zh":"销毁技术（新兴）"},"value":"SCWO, electrochemical, plasma"},{"label":{"en":"WICS class","zh":"WICS分类"},"value":"03.6"}],"wics":["03.6","03.5","02.1"],"related":["reverse-osmosis","ozonation-aop","us-pfas-rule"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/pfas","web":"/en/wiki/pfas"},{"slug":"us-pfas-rule","namespace":"regulation","title":{"en":"US PFAS Drinking-Water Rule","zh":"美国PFAS饮用水法规"},"summary":{"en":"The first legally enforceable US national drinking-water standards for PFAS, finalized by EPA in 2024, set maximum contaminant levels of 4 ng/L for PFOA and PFOS and additional limits for several other compounds.","zh":"美国环保署于2024年敲定首个具法律约束力的全国性PFAS饮用水标准，将PFOA与PFOS的最大污染物限值定为4纳克/升，并对其他几种化合物设定限值。"},"status":"reviewed","reviewed":"2026-07-01","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Jurisdiction","zh":"适用范围"},"value":"United States (federal)"},{"label":{"en":"Instrument","zh":"法律形式"},"value":"National Primary Drinking Water Regulation"},{"label":{"en":"PFOA / PFOS MCL","zh":"PFOA/PFOS限值"},"value":"4 ng/L each"},{"label":{"en":"Finalized","zh":"定稿时间"},"value":"April 2024"}],"wics":[],"related":["pfas"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/us-pfas-rule","web":"/en/wiki/us-pfas-rule"},{"slug":"potable-reuse","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Potable Reuse","zh":"饮用水回用"},"summary":{"en":"Potable reuse purifies treated wastewater to drinking-water quality, either by returning it to an environmental buffer (indirect potable reuse) or introducing it directly into the supply (direct potable reuse). California adopted DPR regulations in 2023.","zh":"饮用水回用将处理后的污水净化至饮用水标准，或先经环境缓冲体再取用（间接饮用回用），或直接进入供水系统（直接饮用回用）。加州已于2023年通过直接饮用回用法规。"},"status":"reviewed","reviewed":"2026-06-22","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Types","zh":"类型"},"value":"Indirect (IPR) and direct (DPR)"},{"label":{"en":"Typical advanced train","zh":"典型深度处理链"},"value":"UF → RO → UV/AOP"},{"label":{"en":"Regulatory milestone","zh":"监管里程碑"},"value":"California DPR rules, Dec 2023"},{"label":{"en":"WICS class","zh":"WICS分类"},"value":"07.4"}],"wics":["07.4"],"related":["reverse-osmosis","uv-disinfection","membrane-bioreactor"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/potable-reuse","web":"/en/wiki/potable-reuse"},{"slug":"non-revenue-water","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Non-Revenue Water","zh":"产销差水量 / 无收益水"},"summary":{"en":"Non-revenue water (NRW) is water that has been produced but is 'lost' before reaching customers — through physical leakage, metering inaccuracy, or unauthorized use. Reducing NRW is one of the highest-value levers in utility management, especially across rapidly urbanizing Asia.","zh":"产销差水量（NRW）是指已生产但在到达用户前“损失”的水——包括物理漏损、计量误差和未授权用水。降低产销差是水务管理中价值最高的手段之一，在快速城镇化的亚洲尤为关键。"},"status":"reviewed","reviewed":"2026-06-18","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Definition","zh":"定义"},"value":"Produced water not billed to customers"},{"label":{"en":"Components","zh":"构成"},"value":"Physical (real) + commercial (apparent) losses"},{"label":{"en":"Standard framework","zh":"标准框架"},"value":"IWA Water Balance"},{"label":{"en":"WICS class","zh":"WICS分类"},"value":"06.2"}],"wics":["06.2","06.1"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/non-revenue-water","web":"/en/wiki/non-revenue-water"},{"slug":"wics-01","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment","zh":"水处理与污水处理设备"},"summary":{"en":"Unit processes and packaged systems for municipal and industrial treatment trains.","zh":"市政与工业处理工艺单元及成套系统。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS domain","zh":"WICS领域"},"value":"01"},{"label":{"en":"Categories","zh":"类别数"},"value":"9"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["01"],"related":["membrane-bioreactor","uv-disinfection","ozonation-aop","zero-liquid-discharge","anaerobic-digestion"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-01","web":"/en/wiki/wics-01"},{"slug":"wics-02","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Membranes & Modules","zh":"膜与膜组件"},"summary":{"en":"Membrane elements, modules and membrane-process consumables.","zh":"膜元件、膜组件及膜工艺耗材。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS domain","zh":"WICS领域"},"value":"02"},{"label":{"en":"Categories","zh":"类别数"},"value":"7"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["02"],"related":["reverse-osmosis","ultrafiltration","membrane-bioreactor"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-02","web":"/en/wiki/wics-02"},{"slug":"wics-03","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Chemicals & Consumables","zh":"水处理化学品与耗材"},"summary":{"en":"Treatment chemicals, resins, carbons and specialty sorbents.","zh":"水处理药剂、树脂、活性炭及特种吸附剂。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS domain","zh":"WICS领域"},"value":"03"},{"label":{"en":"Categories","zh":"类别数"},"value":"7"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["03"],"related":["pfas"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-03","web":"/en/wiki/wics-03"},{"slug":"wics-04","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Pumps, Valves, Pipes & Network Hardware","zh":"泵、阀、管材与管网设备"},"summary":{"en":"Fluid transport and distribution-network hardware.","zh":"流体输送与配水管网硬件。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS domain","zh":"WICS领域"},"value":"04"},{"label":{"en":"Categories","zh":"类别数"},"value":"6"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["04"],"related":["non-revenue-water"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-04","web":"/en/wiki/wics-04"},{"slug":"wics-05","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Instrumentation, Monitoring & Lab","zh":"仪器仪表、监测与实验室"},"summary":{"en":"Sensing, metering, telemetry and analytical services.","zh":"传感、计量、遥测与检测分析服务。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS domain","zh":"WICS领域"},"value":"05"},{"label":{"en":"Categories","zh":"类别数"},"value":"5"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["05"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-05","web":"/en/wiki/wics-05"},{"slug":"wics-06","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Digital Water & Software","zh":"数字水务与软件"},"summary":{"en":"Smart metering, analytics, twins and water-utility software.","zh":"智能计量、数据分析、数字孪生与水务软件。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS domain","zh":"WICS领域"},"value":"06"},{"label":{"en":"Categories","zh":"类别数"},"value":"7"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["06"],"related":["non-revenue-water"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-06","web":"/en/wiki/wics-06"},{"slug":"wics-07","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Desalination & Reuse","zh":"海水淡化与再生利用"},"summary":{"en":"Desalination plants and components; potable and industrial reuse.","zh":"海水淡化工程与部件；饮用与工业再生利用。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS domain","zh":"WICS领域"},"value":"07"},{"label":{"en":"Categories","zh":"类别数"},"value":"5"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["07"],"related":["seawater-desalination","potable-reuse","reverse-osmosis"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-07","web":"/en/wiki/wics-07"},{"slug":"wics-08","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Engineering, Construction & Services","zh":"工程、建设与服务"},"summary":{"en":"EPC, consultancy, O&M and field services.","zh":"EPC总承包、设计咨询、运营维护与现场服务。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS domain","zh":"WICS领域"},"value":"08"},{"label":{"en":"Categories","zh":"类别数"},"value":"6"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["08"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-08","web":"/en/wiki/wics-08"},{"slug":"wics-09","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Utilities & Operators","zh":"公用事业与运营商"},"summary":{"en":"Municipal utilities, concessionaires and industrial-park operators.","zh":"市政供排水、特许经营与园区水务运营。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS domain","zh":"WICS领域"},"value":"09"},{"label":{"en":"Categories","zh":"类别数"},"value":"4"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["09"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-09","web":"/en/wiki/wics-09"},{"slug":"wics-10","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Stormwater, Flood & Environment","zh":"雨洪管理与水环境"},"summary":{"en":"Drainage, sponge-city products, flood protection and remediation.","zh":"排水、海绵城市产品、防洪与河湖修复。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS domain","zh":"WICS领域"},"value":"10"},{"label":{"en":"Categories","zh":"类别数"},"value":"5"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["10"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-10","web":"/en/wiki/wics-10"},{"slug":"wics-11","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Irrigation & Agricultural Water","zh":"灌溉与农业用水"},"summary":{"en":"Efficient irrigation hardware and ag-water software.","zh":"高效灌溉设备与农业用水软件。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS domain","zh":"WICS领域"},"value":"11"},{"label":{"en":"Categories","zh":"类别数"},"value":"3"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["11"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-11","web":"/en/wiki/wics-11"},{"slug":"wics-12","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Building & Point-of-Use Water","zh":"建筑与终端用水"},"summary":{"en":"Residential and commercial purification, plumbing water quality, rainwater harvesting.","zh":"家用与商用净水、建筑管道水质、雨水收集。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS domain","zh":"WICS领域"},"value":"12"},{"label":{"en":"Categories","zh":"类别数"},"value":"4"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["12"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-12","web":"/en/wiki/wics-12"},{"slug":"wics-01-1","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Screening & grit removal","zh":"格栅与沉砂"},"summary":{"en":"Screening & grit removal is Water Industry Classification System category 01.1 within Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment.","zh":"格栅与沉砂是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理与污水处理设备领域下的01.1类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"01.1"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"01 · Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["01.1"],"related":["membrane-bioreactor","uv-disinfection","ozonation-aop","zero-liquid-discharge","anaerobic-digestion"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-01-1","web":"/en/wiki/wics-01-1"},{"slug":"wics-01-2","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Clarification & DAF","zh":"澄清与气浮"},"summary":{"en":"Clarification & DAF is Water Industry Classification System category 01.2 within Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment.","zh":"澄清与气浮是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理与污水处理设备领域下的01.2类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"01.2"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"01 · Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["01.2"],"related":["membrane-bioreactor","uv-disinfection","ozonation-aop","zero-liquid-discharge","anaerobic-digestion"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-01-2","web":"/en/wiki/wics-01-2"},{"slug":"wics-01-3","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Media & membrane filtration systems","zh":"滤料与膜过滤系统"},"summary":{"en":"Media & membrane filtration systems is Water Industry Classification System category 01.3 within Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment.","zh":"滤料与膜过滤系统是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理与污水处理设备领域下的01.3类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"01.3"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"01 · Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["01.3"],"related":["membrane-bioreactor","uv-disinfection","ozonation-aop","zero-liquid-discharge","anaerobic-digestion"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-01-3","web":"/en/wiki/wics-01-3"},{"slug":"wics-01-4","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Disinfection (chlorine, UV, ozone, AOP)","zh":"消毒（氯、紫外、臭氧、高级氧化）"},"summary":{"en":"Disinfection (chlorine, UV, ozone, AOP) is Water Industry Classification System category 01.4 within Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment.","zh":"消毒（氯、紫外、臭氧、高级氧化）是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理与污水处理设备领域下的01.4类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"01.4"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"01 · Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["01.4"],"related":["membrane-bioreactor","uv-disinfection","ozonation-aop","zero-liquid-discharge","anaerobic-digestion"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-01-4","web":"/en/wiki/wics-01-4"},{"slug":"wics-01-5","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Aeration & blowers","zh":"曝气与风机"},"summary":{"en":"Aeration & blowers is Water Industry Classification System category 01.5 within Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment.","zh":"曝气与风机是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理与污水处理设备领域下的01.5类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"01.5"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"01 · Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["01.5"],"related":["membrane-bioreactor","uv-disinfection","ozonation-aop","zero-liquid-discharge","anaerobic-digestion"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-01-5","web":"/en/wiki/wics-01-5"},{"slug":"wics-01-6","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Sludge handling & dewatering","zh":"污泥处理与脱水"},"summary":{"en":"Sludge handling & dewatering is Water Industry Classification System category 01.6 within Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment.","zh":"污泥处理与脱水是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理与污水处理设备领域下的01.6类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"01.6"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"01 · Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["01.6"],"related":["membrane-bioreactor","uv-disinfection","ozonation-aop","zero-liquid-discharge","anaerobic-digestion"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-01-6","web":"/en/wiki/wics-01-6"},{"slug":"wics-01-7","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Packaged & containerized plants","zh":"一体化与集装箱式设备"},"summary":{"en":"Packaged & containerized plants is Water Industry Classification System category 01.7 within Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment.","zh":"一体化与集装箱式设备是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理与污水处理设备领域下的01.7类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"01.7"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"01 · Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["01.7"],"related":["membrane-bioreactor","uv-disinfection","ozonation-aop","zero-liquid-discharge","anaerobic-digestion"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-01-7","web":"/en/wiki/wics-01-7"},{"slug":"wics-01-8","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Industrial ultrapure water systems","zh":"工业超纯水系统"},"summary":{"en":"Industrial ultrapure water systems is Water Industry Classification System category 01.8 within Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment.","zh":"工业超纯水系统是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理与污水处理设备领域下的01.8类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"01.8"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"01 · Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["01.8"],"related":["membrane-bioreactor","uv-disinfection","ozonation-aop","zero-liquid-discharge","anaerobic-digestion"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-01-8","web":"/en/wiki/wics-01-8"},{"slug":"wics-01-9","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"ZLD & evaporation","zh":"零排放与蒸发结晶"},"summary":{"en":"ZLD & evaporation is Water Industry Classification System category 01.9 within Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment.","zh":"零排放与蒸发结晶是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理与污水处理设备领域下的01.9类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"01.9"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"01 · Water & Wastewater Treatment Equipment"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["01.9"],"related":["membrane-bioreactor","uv-disinfection","ozonation-aop","zero-liquid-discharge","anaerobic-digestion"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-01-9","web":"/en/wiki/wics-01-9"},{"slug":"wics-02-1","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"RO / NF elements","zh":"反渗透/纳滤膜元件"},"summary":{"en":"RO / NF elements is Water Industry Classification System category 02.1 within Membranes & Modules.","zh":"反渗透/纳滤膜元件是水工业分类系统（WICS）膜与膜组件领域下的02.1类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"02.1"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"02 · Membranes & Modules"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["02.1"],"related":["reverse-osmosis","ultrafiltration","membrane-bioreactor"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-02-1","web":"/en/wiki/wics-02-1"},{"slug":"wics-02-2","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"UF / MF membranes","zh":"超滤/微滤膜"},"summary":{"en":"UF / MF membranes is Water Industry Classification System category 02.2 within Membranes & Modules.","zh":"超滤/微滤膜是水工业分类系统（WICS）膜与膜组件领域下的02.2类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"02.2"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"02 · Membranes & Modules"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["02.2"],"related":["reverse-osmosis","ultrafiltration","membrane-bioreactor"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-02-2","web":"/en/wiki/wics-02-2"},{"slug":"wics-02-3","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"MBR modules","zh":"MBR膜组件"},"summary":{"en":"MBR modules is Water Industry Classification System category 02.3 within Membranes & Modules.","zh":"MBR膜组件是水工业分类系统（WICS）膜与膜组件领域下的02.3类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"02.3"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"02 · Membranes & Modules"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["02.3"],"related":["reverse-osmosis","ultrafiltration","membrane-bioreactor"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-02-3","web":"/en/wiki/wics-02-3"},{"slug":"wics-02-4","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Electrodialysis (ED/EDR)","zh":"电渗析"},"summary":{"en":"Electrodialysis (ED/EDR) is Water Industry Classification System category 02.4 within Membranes & Modules.","zh":"电渗析是水工业分类系统（WICS）膜与膜组件领域下的02.4类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"02.4"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"02 · Membranes & Modules"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["02.4"],"related":["reverse-osmosis","ultrafiltration","membrane-bioreactor"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-02-4","web":"/en/wiki/wics-02-4"},{"slug":"wics-02-5","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"FO / membrane distillation","zh":"正渗透/膜蒸馏"},"summary":{"en":"FO / membrane distillation is Water Industry Classification System category 02.5 within Membranes & Modules.","zh":"正渗透/膜蒸馏是水工业分类系统（WICS）膜与膜组件领域下的02.5类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"02.5"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"02 · Membranes & Modules"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["02.5"],"related":["reverse-osmosis","ultrafiltration","membrane-bioreactor"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-02-5","web":"/en/wiki/wics-02-5"},{"slug":"wics-02-6","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Housings & pressure vessels","zh":"膜壳与压力容器"},"summary":{"en":"Housings & pressure vessels is Water Industry Classification System category 02.6 within Membranes & Modules.","zh":"膜壳与压力容器是水工业分类系统（WICS）膜与膜组件领域下的02.6类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"02.6"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"02 · Membranes & Modules"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["02.6"],"related":["reverse-osmosis","ultrafiltration","membrane-bioreactor"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-02-6","web":"/en/wiki/wics-02-6"},{"slug":"wics-02-7","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Membrane chemicals & cleaning","zh":"膜用化学品与清洗"},"summary":{"en":"Membrane chemicals & cleaning is Water Industry Classification System category 02.7 within Membranes & Modules.","zh":"膜用化学品与清洗是水工业分类系统（WICS）膜与膜组件领域下的02.7类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"02.7"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"02 · Membranes & Modules"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["02.7"],"related":["reverse-osmosis","ultrafiltration","membrane-bioreactor"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-02-7","web":"/en/wiki/wics-02-7"},{"slug":"wics-03-1","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Coagulants & flocculants","zh":"混凝剂与絮凝剂"},"summary":{"en":"Coagulants & flocculants is Water Industry Classification System category 03.1 within Chemicals & Consumables.","zh":"混凝剂与絮凝剂是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理化学品与耗材领域下的03.1类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"03.1"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"03 · Chemicals & Consumables"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["03.1"],"related":["pfas"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-03-1","web":"/en/wiki/wics-03-1"},{"slug":"wics-03-2","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Disinfectants","zh":"消毒剂"},"summary":{"en":"Disinfectants is Water Industry Classification System category 03.2 within Chemicals & Consumables.","zh":"消毒剂是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理化学品与耗材领域下的03.2类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"03.2"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"03 · Chemicals & Consumables"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["03.2"],"related":["pfas"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-03-2","web":"/en/wiki/wics-03-2"},{"slug":"wics-03-3","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Antiscalants","zh":"阻垢剂"},"summary":{"en":"Antiscalants is Water Industry Classification System category 03.3 within Chemicals & Consumables.","zh":"阻垢剂是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理化学品与耗材领域下的03.3类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"03.3"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"03 · Chemicals & Consumables"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["03.3"],"related":["pfas"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-03-3","web":"/en/wiki/wics-03-3"},{"slug":"wics-03-4","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Ion-exchange resins","zh":"离子交换树脂"},"summary":{"en":"Ion-exchange resins is Water Industry Classification System category 03.4 within Chemicals & Consumables.","zh":"离子交换树脂是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理化学品与耗材领域下的03.4类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"03.4"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"03 · Chemicals & Consumables"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["03.4"],"related":["pfas"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-03-4","web":"/en/wiki/wics-03-4"},{"slug":"wics-03-5","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Activated carbon","zh":"活性炭"},"summary":{"en":"Activated carbon is Water Industry Classification System category 03.5 within Chemicals & Consumables.","zh":"活性炭是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理化学品与耗材领域下的03.5类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"03.5"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"03 · Chemicals & Consumables"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["03.5"],"related":["pfas"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-03-5","web":"/en/wiki/wics-03-5"},{"slug":"wics-03-6","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Specialty sorbents (PFAS)","zh":"特种吸附剂（PFAS）"},"summary":{"en":"Specialty sorbents (PFAS) is Water Industry Classification System category 03.6 within Chemicals & Consumables.","zh":"特种吸附剂（PFAS）是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理化学品与耗材领域下的03.6类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"03.6"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"03 · Chemicals & Consumables"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["03.6"],"related":["pfas"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-03-6","web":"/en/wiki/wics-03-6"},{"slug":"wics-03-7","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Lab reagents","zh":"实验室试剂"},"summary":{"en":"Lab reagents is Water Industry Classification System category 03.7 within Chemicals & Consumables.","zh":"实验室试剂是水工业分类系统（WICS）水处理化学品与耗材领域下的03.7类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"03.7"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"03 · Chemicals & Consumables"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["03.7"],"related":["pfas"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-03-7","web":"/en/wiki/wics-03-7"},{"slug":"wics-04-1","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Pumps (centrifugal, submersible, dosing)","zh":"泵（离心、潜水、计量）"},"summary":{"en":"Pumps (centrifugal, submersible, dosing) is Water Industry Classification System category 04.1 within Pumps, Valves, Pipes & Network Hardware.","zh":"泵（离心、潜水、计量）是水工业分类系统（WICS）泵、阀、管材与管网设备领域下的04.1类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"04.1"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"04 · Pumps, Valves, Pipes & Network Hardware"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["04.1"],"related":["non-revenue-water"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-04-1","web":"/en/wiki/wics-04-1"},{"slug":"wics-04-2","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Valves & actuators","zh":"阀门与执行器"},"summary":{"en":"Valves & actuators is Water Industry Classification System category 04.2 within Pumps, Valves, Pipes & Network Hardware.","zh":"阀门与执行器是水工业分类系统（WICS）泵、阀、管材与管网设备领域下的04.2类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"04.2"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"04 · Pumps, Valves, Pipes & Network Hardware"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["04.2"],"related":["non-revenue-water"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-04-2","web":"/en/wiki/wics-04-2"},{"slug":"wics-04-3","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Pipes & fittings (DI, HDPE, GRP)","zh":"管材与管件"},"summary":{"en":"Pipes & fittings (DI, HDPE, GRP) is Water Industry Classification System category 04.3 within Pumps, Valves, Pipes & Network Hardware.","zh":"管材与管件是水工业分类系统（WICS）泵、阀、管材与管网设备领域下的04.3类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"04.3"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"04 · Pumps, Valves, Pipes & Network Hardware"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["04.3"],"related":["non-revenue-water"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-04-3","web":"/en/wiki/wics-04-3"},{"slug":"wics-04-4","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Tanks & storage","zh":"储罐与蓄水"},"summary":{"en":"Tanks & storage is Water Industry Classification System category 04.4 within Pumps, Valves, Pipes & Network Hardware.","zh":"储罐与蓄水是水工业分类系统（WICS）泵、阀、管材与管网设备领域下的04.4类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"04.4"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"04 · Pumps, Valves, Pipes & Network Hardware"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["04.4"],"related":["non-revenue-water"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-04-4","web":"/en/wiki/wics-04-4"},{"slug":"wics-04-5","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Hydrants & network fittings","zh":"消火栓与管网附件"},"summary":{"en":"Hydrants & network fittings is Water Industry Classification System category 04.5 within Pumps, Valves, Pipes & Network Hardware.","zh":"消火栓与管网附件是水工业分类系统（WICS）泵、阀、管材与管网设备领域下的04.5类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"04.5"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"04 · Pumps, Valves, Pipes & Network Hardware"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["04.5"],"related":["non-revenue-water"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-04-5","web":"/en/wiki/wics-04-5"},{"slug":"wics-04-6","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Trenchless & pipe rehabilitation (CIPP)","zh":"非开挖修复"},"summary":{"en":"Trenchless & pipe rehabilitation (CIPP) is Water Industry Classification System category 04.6 within Pumps, Valves, Pipes & Network Hardware.","zh":"非开挖修复是水工业分类系统（WICS）泵、阀、管材与管网设备领域下的04.6类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"04.6"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"04 · Pumps, Valves, Pipes & Network Hardware"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["04.6"],"related":["non-revenue-water"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-04-6","web":"/en/wiki/wics-04-6"},{"slug":"wics-05-1","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Water-quality sensors","zh":"水质传感器"},"summary":{"en":"Water-quality sensors is Water Industry Classification System category 05.1 within Instrumentation, Monitoring & Lab.","zh":"水质传感器是水工业分类系统（WICS）仪器仪表、监测与实验室领域下的05.1类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"05.1"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"05 · Instrumentation, Monitoring & Lab"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["05.1"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-05-1","web":"/en/wiki/wics-05-1"},{"slug":"wics-05-2","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Flow meters","zh":"流量计"},"summary":{"en":"Flow meters is Water Industry Classification System category 05.2 within Instrumentation, Monitoring & Lab.","zh":"流量计是水工业分类系统（WICS）仪器仪表、监测与实验室领域下的05.2类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"05.2"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"05 · Instrumentation, Monitoring & Lab"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["05.2"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-05-2","web":"/en/wiki/wics-05-2"},{"slug":"wics-05-3","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"SCADA & telemetry","zh":"数据采集与遥测"},"summary":{"en":"SCADA & telemetry is Water Industry Classification System category 05.3 within Instrumentation, Monitoring & Lab.","zh":"数据采集与遥测是水工业分类系统（WICS）仪器仪表、监测与实验室领域下的05.3类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"05.3"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"05 · Instrumentation, Monitoring & Lab"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["05.3"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-05-3","web":"/en/wiki/wics-05-3"},{"slug":"wics-05-4","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Samplers","zh":"采样器"},"summary":{"en":"Samplers is Water Industry Classification System category 05.4 within Instrumentation, Monitoring & Lab.","zh":"采样器是水工业分类系统（WICS）仪器仪表、监测与实验室领域下的05.4类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"05.4"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"05 · Instrumentation, Monitoring & Lab"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["05.4"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-05-4","web":"/en/wiki/wics-05-4"},{"slug":"wics-05-5","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Laboratories & testing services","zh":"实验室与检测服务"},"summary":{"en":"Laboratories & testing services is Water Industry Classification System category 05.5 within Instrumentation, Monitoring & Lab.","zh":"实验室与检测服务是水工业分类系统（WICS）仪器仪表、监测与实验室领域下的05.5类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"05.5"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"05 · Instrumentation, Monitoring & Lab"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["05.5"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-05-5","web":"/en/wiki/wics-05-5"},{"slug":"wics-06-1","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"AMI & smart meters","zh":"智能水表与AMI"},"summary":{"en":"AMI & smart meters is Water Industry Classification System category 06.1 within Digital Water & Software.","zh":"智能水表与AMI是水工业分类系统（WICS）数字水务与软件领域下的06.1类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"06.1"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"06 · Digital Water & Software"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["06.1"],"related":["non-revenue-water"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-06-1","web":"/en/wiki/wics-06-1"},{"slug":"wics-06-2","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Leak detection & DMA analytics","zh":"漏损检测与分区计量分析"},"summary":{"en":"Leak detection & DMA analytics is Water Industry Classification System category 06.2 within Digital Water & Software.","zh":"漏损检测与分区计量分析是水工业分类系统（WICS）数字水务与软件领域下的06.2类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"06.2"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"06 · Digital Water & Software"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["06.2"],"related":["non-revenue-water"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-06-2","web":"/en/wiki/wics-06-2"},{"slug":"wics-06-3","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Digital twins","zh":"数字孪生"},"summary":{"en":"Digital twins is Water Industry Classification System category 06.3 within Digital Water & Software.","zh":"数字孪生是水工业分类系统（WICS）数字水务与软件领域下的06.3类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"06.3"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"06 · Digital Water & Software"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["06.3"],"related":["non-revenue-water"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-06-3","web":"/en/wiki/wics-06-3"},{"slug":"wics-06-4","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"GIS & asset management","zh":"GIS与资产管理"},"summary":{"en":"GIS & asset management is Water Industry Classification System category 06.4 within Digital Water & Software.","zh":"GIS与资产管理是水工业分类系统（WICS）数字水务与软件领域下的06.4类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"06.4"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"06 · Digital Water & Software"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["06.4"],"related":["non-revenue-water"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-06-4","web":"/en/wiki/wics-06-4"},{"slug":"wics-06-5","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Plant-optimization AI","zh":"工艺优化AI"},"summary":{"en":"Plant-optimization AI is Water Industry Classification System category 06.5 within Digital Water & Software.","zh":"工艺优化AI是水工业分类系统（WICS）数字水务与软件领域下的06.5类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"06.5"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"06 · Digital Water & Software"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["06.5"],"related":["non-revenue-water"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-06-5","web":"/en/wiki/wics-06-5"},{"slug":"wics-06-6","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Billing / CIS","zh":"营收与客户信息系统"},"summary":{"en":"Billing / CIS is Water Industry Classification System category 06.6 within Digital Water & Software.","zh":"营收与客户信息系统是水工业分类系统（WICS）数字水务与软件领域下的06.6类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"06.6"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"06 · Digital Water & Software"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["06.6"],"related":["non-revenue-water"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-06-6","web":"/en/wiki/wics-06-6"},{"slug":"wics-06-7","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"OT cybersecurity for water","zh":"水务工控网络安全"},"summary":{"en":"OT cybersecurity for water is Water Industry Classification System category 06.7 within Digital Water & Software.","zh":"水务工控网络安全是水工业分类系统（WICS）数字水务与软件领域下的06.7类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"06.7"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"06 · Digital Water & Software"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["06.7"],"related":["non-revenue-water"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-06-7","web":"/en/wiki/wics-06-7"},{"slug":"wics-07-1","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"SWRO / BWRO plants & components","zh":"海水/苦咸水反渗透"},"summary":{"en":"SWRO / BWRO plants & components is Water Industry Classification System category 07.1 within Desalination & Reuse.","zh":"海水/苦咸水反渗透是水工业分类系统（WICS）海水淡化与再生利用领域下的07.1类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"07.1"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"07 · Desalination & Reuse"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["07.1"],"related":["seawater-desalination","potable-reuse","reverse-osmosis"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-07-1","web":"/en/wiki/wics-07-1"},{"slug":"wics-07-2","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Energy recovery devices","zh":"能量回收装置"},"summary":{"en":"Energy recovery devices is Water Industry Classification System category 07.2 within Desalination & Reuse.","zh":"能量回收装置是水工业分类系统（WICS）海水淡化与再生利用领域下的07.2类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"07.2"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"07 · Desalination & Reuse"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["07.2"],"related":["seawater-desalination","potable-reuse","reverse-osmosis"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-07-2","web":"/en/wiki/wics-07-2"},{"slug":"wics-07-3","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Thermal desalination (MED/MSF)","zh":"热法淡化"},"summary":{"en":"Thermal desalination (MED/MSF) is Water Industry Classification System category 07.3 within Desalination & Reuse.","zh":"热法淡化是水工业分类系统（WICS）海水淡化与再生利用领域下的07.3类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"07.3"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"07 · Desalination & Reuse"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["07.3"],"related":["seawater-desalination","potable-reuse","reverse-osmosis"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-07-3","web":"/en/wiki/wics-07-3"},{"slug":"wics-07-4","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Potable & industrial reuse systems","zh":"饮用与工业再生水系统"},"summary":{"en":"Potable & industrial reuse systems is Water Industry Classification System category 07.4 within Desalination & Reuse.","zh":"饮用与工业再生水系统是水工业分类系统（WICS）海水淡化与再生利用领域下的07.4类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"07.4"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"07 · Desalination & Reuse"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["07.4"],"related":["seawater-desalination","potable-reuse","reverse-osmosis"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-07-4","web":"/en/wiki/wics-07-4"},{"slug":"wics-07-5","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Brine management","zh":"浓盐水处理"},"summary":{"en":"Brine management is Water Industry Classification System category 07.5 within Desalination & Reuse.","zh":"浓盐水处理是水工业分类系统（WICS）海水淡化与再生利用领域下的07.5类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"07.5"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"07 · Desalination & Reuse"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["07.5"],"related":["seawater-desalination","potable-reuse","reverse-osmosis"],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-07-5","web":"/en/wiki/wics-07-5"},{"slug":"wics-08-1","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"EPC contractors","zh":"EPC总承包"},"summary":{"en":"EPC contractors is Water Industry Classification System category 08.1 within Engineering, Construction & Services.","zh":"EPC总承包是水工业分类系统（WICS）工程、建设与服务领域下的08.1类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"08.1"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"08 · Engineering, Construction & Services"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["08.1"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-08-1","web":"/en/wiki/wics-08-1"},{"slug":"wics-08-2","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Design consultancies","zh":"设计咨询"},"summary":{"en":"Design consultancies is Water Industry Classification System category 08.2 within Engineering, Construction & Services.","zh":"设计咨询是水工业分类系统（WICS）工程、建设与服务领域下的08.2类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"08.2"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"08 · Engineering, Construction & Services"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["08.2"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-08-2","web":"/en/wiki/wics-08-2"},{"slug":"wics-08-3","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Operations & maintenance","zh":"运营维护"},"summary":{"en":"Operations & maintenance is Water Industry Classification System category 08.3 within Engineering, Construction & Services.","zh":"运营维护是水工业分类系统（WICS）工程、建设与服务领域下的08.3类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"08.3"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"08 · Engineering, Construction & Services"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["08.3"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-08-3","web":"/en/wiki/wics-08-3"},{"slug":"wics-08-4","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Commissioning","zh":"调试"},"summary":{"en":"Commissioning is Water Industry Classification System category 08.4 within Engineering, Construction & Services.","zh":"调试是水工业分类系统（WICS）工程、建设与服务领域下的08.4类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"08.4"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"08 · Engineering, Construction & Services"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["08.4"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-08-4","web":"/en/wiki/wics-08-4"},{"slug":"wics-08-5","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Drilling & wells","zh":"钻井"},"summary":{"en":"Drilling & wells is Water Industry Classification System category 08.5 within Engineering, Construction & Services.","zh":"钻井是水工业分类系统（WICS）工程、建设与服务领域下的08.5类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"08.5"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"08 · Engineering, Construction & Services"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["08.5"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-08-5","web":"/en/wiki/wics-08-5"},{"slug":"wics-08-6","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Temporary & emergency supply","zh":"应急供水"},"summary":{"en":"Temporary & emergency supply is Water Industry Classification System category 08.6 within Engineering, Construction & Services.","zh":"应急供水是水工业分类系统（WICS）工程、建设与服务领域下的08.6类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"08.6"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"08 · Engineering, Construction & Services"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["08.6"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-08-6","web":"/en/wiki/wics-08-6"},{"slug":"wics-09-1","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Municipal utilities","zh":"市政供排水公司"},"summary":{"en":"Municipal utilities is Water Industry Classification System category 09.1 within Utilities & Operators.","zh":"市政供排水公司是水工业分类系统（WICS）公用事业与运营商领域下的09.1类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"09.1"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"09 · Utilities & Operators"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["09.1"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-09-1","web":"/en/wiki/wics-09-1"},{"slug":"wics-09-2","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Private concessionaires","zh":"特许经营商"},"summary":{"en":"Private concessionaires is Water Industry Classification System category 09.2 within Utilities & Operators.","zh":"特许经营商是水工业分类系统（WICS）公用事业与运营商领域下的09.2类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"09.2"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"09 · Utilities & Operators"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["09.2"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-09-2","web":"/en/wiki/wics-09-2"},{"slug":"wics-09-3","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Industrial-park water operators","zh":"园区水务运营商"},"summary":{"en":"Industrial-park water operators is Water Industry Classification System category 09.3 within Utilities & Operators.","zh":"园区水务运营商是水工业分类系统（WICS）公用事业与运营商领域下的09.3类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"09.3"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"09 · Utilities & Operators"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["09.3"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-09-3","web":"/en/wiki/wics-09-3"},{"slug":"wics-09-4","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Irrigation districts","zh":"灌区管理"},"summary":{"en":"Irrigation districts is Water Industry Classification System category 09.4 within Utilities & Operators.","zh":"灌区管理是水工业分类系统（WICS）公用事业与运营商领域下的09.4类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"09.4"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"09 · Utilities & Operators"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["09.4"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-09-4","web":"/en/wiki/wics-09-4"},{"slug":"wics-10-1","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Drainage systems","zh":"排水系统"},"summary":{"en":"Drainage systems is Water Industry Classification System category 10.1 within Stormwater, Flood & Environment.","zh":"排水系统是水工业分类系统（WICS）雨洪管理与水环境领域下的10.1类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"10.1"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"10 · Stormwater, Flood & Environment"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["10.1"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-10-1","web":"/en/wiki/wics-10-1"},{"slug":"wics-10-2","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"SuDS / sponge-city products","zh":"海绵城市产品"},"summary":{"en":"SuDS / sponge-city products is Water Industry Classification System category 10.2 within Stormwater, Flood & Environment.","zh":"海绵城市产品是水工业分类系统（WICS）雨洪管理与水环境领域下的10.2类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"10.2"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"10 · Stormwater, Flood & Environment"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["10.2"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-10-2","web":"/en/wiki/wics-10-2"},{"slug":"wics-10-3","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Flood barriers","zh":"防洪屏障"},"summary":{"en":"Flood barriers is Water Industry Classification System category 10.3 within Stormwater, Flood & Environment.","zh":"防洪屏障是水工业分类系统（WICS）雨洪管理与水环境领域下的10.3类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"10.3"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"10 · Stormwater, Flood & Environment"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["10.3"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-10-3","web":"/en/wiki/wics-10-3"},{"slug":"wics-10-4","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"River & lake remediation","zh":"河湖生态修复"},"summary":{"en":"River & lake remediation is Water Industry Classification System category 10.4 within Stormwater, Flood & Environment.","zh":"河湖生态修复是水工业分类系统（WICS）雨洪管理与水环境领域下的10.4类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"10.4"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"10 · Stormwater, Flood & Environment"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["10.4"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-10-4","web":"/en/wiki/wics-10-4"},{"slug":"wics-10-5","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Erosion control","zh":"水土保持"},"summary":{"en":"Erosion control is Water Industry Classification System category 10.5 within Stormwater, Flood & Environment.","zh":"水土保持是水工业分类系统（WICS）雨洪管理与水环境领域下的10.5类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"10.5"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"10 · Stormwater, Flood & Environment"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["10.5"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-10-5","web":"/en/wiki/wics-10-5"},{"slug":"wics-11-1","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Drip & sprinkler systems","zh":"滴灌与喷灌"},"summary":{"en":"Drip & sprinkler systems is Water Industry Classification System category 11.1 within Irrigation & Agricultural Water.","zh":"滴灌与喷灌是水工业分类系统（WICS）灌溉与农业用水领域下的11.1类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"11.1"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"11 · Irrigation & Agricultural Water"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["11.1"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-11-1","web":"/en/wiki/wics-11-1"},{"slug":"wics-11-2","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Fertigation","zh":"水肥一体化"},"summary":{"en":"Fertigation is Water Industry Classification System category 11.2 within Irrigation & Agricultural Water.","zh":"水肥一体化是水工业分类系统（WICS）灌溉与农业用水领域下的11.2类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"11.2"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"11 · Irrigation & Agricultural Water"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["11.2"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-11-2","web":"/en/wiki/wics-11-2"},{"slug":"wics-11-3","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Agricultural water software","zh":"农业用水管理软件"},"summary":{"en":"Agricultural water software is Water Industry Classification System category 11.3 within Irrigation & Agricultural Water.","zh":"农业用水管理软件是水工业分类系统（WICS）灌溉与农业用水领域下的11.3类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"11.3"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"11 · Irrigation & Agricultural Water"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["11.3"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-11-3","web":"/en/wiki/wics-11-3"},{"slug":"wics-12-1","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Residential purification","zh":"家用净水"},"summary":{"en":"Residential purification is Water Industry Classification System category 12.1 within Building & Point-of-Use Water.","zh":"家用净水是水工业分类系统（WICS）建筑与终端用水领域下的12.1类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"12.1"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"12 · Building & Point-of-Use Water"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["12.1"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-12-1","web":"/en/wiki/wics-12-1"},{"slug":"wics-12-2","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Commercial building systems","zh":"商用建筑水系统"},"summary":{"en":"Commercial building systems is Water Industry Classification System category 12.2 within Building & Point-of-Use Water.","zh":"商用建筑水系统是水工业分类系统（WICS）建筑与终端用水领域下的12.2类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"12.2"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"12 · Building & Point-of-Use Water"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["12.2"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-12-2","web":"/en/wiki/wics-12-2"},{"slug":"wics-12-3","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Plumbing water quality","zh":"管道水质"},"summary":{"en":"Plumbing water quality is Water Industry Classification System category 12.3 within Building & Point-of-Use Water.","zh":"管道水质是水工业分类系统（WICS）建筑与终端用水领域下的12.3类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"12.3"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"12 · Building & Point-of-Use Water"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["12.3"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-12-3","web":"/en/wiki/wics-12-3"},{"slug":"wics-12-4","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Rainwater harvesting","zh":"雨水收集利用"},"summary":{"en":"Rainwater harvesting is Water Industry Classification System category 12.4 within Building & Point-of-Use Water.","zh":"雨水收集利用是水工业分类系统（WICS）建筑与终端用水领域下的12.4类别。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS category","zh":"WICS类别"},"value":"12.4"},{"label":{"en":"Parent domain","zh":"上级领域"},"value":"12 · Building & Point-of-Use Water"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["12.4"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-12-4","web":"/en/wiki/wics-12-4"},{"slug":"wics-04-3-001","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Bathroom faucets & aerators","zh":"浴室龙头与起泡器"},"summary":{"en":"Bathroom faucets & aerators is product class 04.3.001 in WICS, under category 04.3.","zh":"浴室龙头与起泡器是WICS产品类别04.3.001，隶属04.3。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS product class","zh":"WICS产品类别"},"value":"04.3.001"},{"label":{"en":"Parent category","zh":"上级类别"},"value":"04.3"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["04.3.001"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-04-3-001","web":"/en/wiki/wics-04-3-001"},{"slug":"wics-04-3-002","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Tank-type toilets","zh":"水箱式坐便器"},"summary":{"en":"Tank-type toilets is product class 04.3.002 in WICS, under category 04.3.","zh":"水箱式坐便器是WICS产品类别04.3.002，隶属04.3。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS product class","zh":"WICS产品类别"},"value":"04.3.002"},{"label":{"en":"Parent category","zh":"上级类别"},"value":"04.3"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["04.3.002"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-04-3-002","web":"/en/wiki/wics-04-3-002"},{"slug":"wics-04-3-003","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Flushometer-valve toilets","zh":"冲洗阀式坐便器"},"summary":{"en":"Flushometer-valve toilets is product class 04.3.003 in WICS, under category 04.3.","zh":"冲洗阀式坐便器是WICS产品类别04.3.003，隶属04.3。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS product class","zh":"WICS产品类别"},"value":"04.3.003"},{"label":{"en":"Parent category","zh":"上级类别"},"value":"04.3"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["04.3.003"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-04-3-003","web":"/en/wiki/wics-04-3-003"},{"slug":"wics-04-3-004","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Flushing urinals","zh":"冲水小便器"},"summary":{"en":"Flushing urinals is product class 04.3.004 in WICS, under category 04.3.","zh":"冲水小便器是WICS产品类别04.3.004，隶属04.3。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS product class","zh":"WICS产品类别"},"value":"04.3.004"},{"label":{"en":"Parent category","zh":"上级类别"},"value":"04.3"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["04.3.004"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-04-3-004","web":"/en/wiki/wics-04-3-004"},{"slug":"wics-04-3-005","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Showerheads","zh":"淋浴喷头"},"summary":{"en":"Showerheads is product class 04.3.005 in WICS, under category 04.3.","zh":"淋浴喷头是WICS产品类别04.3.005，隶属04.3。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS product class","zh":"WICS产品类别"},"value":"04.3.005"},{"label":{"en":"Parent category","zh":"上级类别"},"value":"04.3"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["04.3.005"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-04-3-005","web":"/en/wiki/wics-04-3-005"},{"slug":"wics-05-3-001","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Weather-based irrigation controllers","zh":"基于天气的灌溉控制器"},"summary":{"en":"Weather-based irrigation controllers is product class 05.3.001 in WICS, under category 05.3.","zh":"基于天气的灌溉控制器是WICS产品类别05.3.001，隶属05.3。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS product class","zh":"WICS产品类别"},"value":"05.3.001"},{"label":{"en":"Parent category","zh":"上级类别"},"value":"05.3"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["05.3.001"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-05-3-001","web":"/en/wiki/wics-05-3-001"},{"slug":"wics-05-3-002","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Soil-moisture irrigation controllers","zh":"土壤湿度灌溉控制器"},"summary":{"en":"Soil-moisture irrigation controllers is product class 05.3.002 in WICS, under category 05.3.","zh":"土壤湿度灌溉控制器是WICS产品类别05.3.002，隶属05.3。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS product class","zh":"WICS产品类别"},"value":"05.3.002"},{"label":{"en":"Parent category","zh":"上级类别"},"value":"05.3"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["05.3.002"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-05-3-002","web":"/en/wiki/wics-05-3-002"},{"slug":"wics-04-2-001","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Pressure-regulating spray sprinkler bodies","zh":"压力调节喷灌体"},"summary":{"en":"Pressure-regulating spray sprinkler bodies is product class 04.2.001 in WICS, under category 04.2.","zh":"压力调节喷灌体是WICS产品类别04.2.001，隶属04.2。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS product class","zh":"WICS产品类别"},"value":"04.2.001"},{"label":{"en":"Parent category","zh":"上级类别"},"value":"04.2"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["04.2.001"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-04-2-001","web":"/en/wiki/wics-04-2-001"},{"slug":"wics-07-1-001","namespace":"reference","title":{"en":"Point-of-use reverse-osmosis systems","zh":"终端反渗透系统"},"summary":{"en":"Point-of-use reverse-osmosis systems is product class 07.1.001 in WICS, under category 07.1.","zh":"终端反渗透系统是WICS产品类别07.1.001，隶属07.1。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"WICS product class","zh":"WICS产品类别"},"value":"07.1.001"},{"label":{"en":"Parent category","zh":"上级类别"},"value":"07.1"},{"label":{"en":"Taxonomy license","zh":"分类许可"},"value":"CC BY 4.0"}],"wics":["07.1.001"],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wics-07-1-001","web":"/en/wiki/wics-07-1-001"},{"slug":"wikidata-q119585803","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"agricultural effluent","zh":"agricultural effluent"},"summary":{"en":"effluent from agricultural activities: any solid, liquid or gas that enters the environment as a by-product of agricultural activities. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"agricultural effluent是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q119585803"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2236"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q119585803","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q119585803"},{"slug":"wikidata-q1875774","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"air pollutant","zh":"air pollutant"},"summary":{"en":"type of pollutant. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"air pollutant是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q1875774"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2225"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q1875774","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q1875774"},{"slug":"wikidata-q50429805","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"air pollutant","zh":"空气污染物"},"summary":{"en":"substance in the air which could, if present in high enough concentration, harm humans, animals, vegetation or materials. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"空气污染物是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q50429805"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2232"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q50429805","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q50429805"},{"slug":"wikidata-q96655782","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"Boat Harbour effluent treatment facility","zh":"Boat Harbour effluent treatment facility"},"summary":{"en":"effluent treatment facility that emptied waste water into Boat Harbour, Nova Scotia (legislated shutdown January 31 2020). WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"Boat Harbour effluent treatment facility是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q96655782"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2219"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q96655782","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q96655782"},{"slug":"wikidata-q155366","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"contaminants of emerging concern","zh":"contaminants of emerging concern"},"summary":{"en":"Chemical substances that are not regulated but are introduced in the environment due to various anthropogenic activities and can potentially harm the ecosystem. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"contaminants of emerging concern是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q155366"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2217"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q155366","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q155366"},{"slug":"wikidata-q21051462","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"environmental persistent pharmaceutical pollutant","zh":"持久性污染環境藥物"},"summary":{"en":"Environmental term. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"持久性污染環境藥物是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q21051462"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2231"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q21051462","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q21051462"},{"slug":"wikidata-q472681","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"environmentally hazardous substances","zh":"environmentally hazardous substances"},"summary":{"en":"environmentally hazardous substances is classified in Wikidata's water-domain hierarchy. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"environmentally hazardous substances是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q472681"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2222"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q472681","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q472681"},{"slug":"wikidata-q1069369","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"hazardous waste","zh":"危險廢物"},"summary":{"en":"waste materials that exhibit hazardous characteristics. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"危險廢物是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q1069369"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2224"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q1069369","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q1069369"},{"slug":"wikidata-q2281647","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"landfill leachate","zh":"垃圾滲出水"},"summary":{"en":"wastewater that has dissolved or entrained pollutants by passing through a landfill. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"垃圾滲出水是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q2281647"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2226"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q2281647","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q2281647"},{"slug":"wikidata-q133856251","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"micropollutant","zh":"micropollutant"},"summary":{"en":"ecological concept. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"micropollutant是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q133856251"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2237"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q133856251","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q133856251"},{"slug":"wikidata-q912951","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"persistent organic pollutant","zh":"持久性有機污染物"},"summary":{"en":"organic compound that resists environmental degradation. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"持久性有機污染物是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q912951"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2223"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q912951","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q912951"},{"slug":"wikidata-q3502656","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic substance","zh":"持久性、生物累積性和毒性物質"},"summary":{"en":"class of chemical compounds. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"持久性、生物累積性和毒性物質是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q3502656"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2227"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q3502656","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q3502656"},{"slug":"wikidata-q4118259","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"pesticide residue","zh":"农药残留"},"summary":{"en":"pesticide applied to food crops remaining on or in food. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"农药残留是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q4118259"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2228"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q4118259","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q4118259"},{"slug":"wikidata-q7205711","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"plutonium in the environment","zh":"plutonium in the environment"},"summary":{"en":"plutonium present within the environment. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"plutonium in the environment是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q7205711"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2229"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q7205711","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q7205711"},{"slug":"wikidata-q407212","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons","zh":"多環芳香烴"},"summary":{"en":"hydrocarbons composed of multiple aromatic rings. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"多環芳香烴是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q407212"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2221"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q407212","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q407212"},{"slug":"wikidata-q10899013","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"Q10899013","zh":"前趨物"},"summary":{"en":"type of pollutants. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"某些一次污染物能轉化成二次污染物，則前者為後者的前驅物。WaterAtlas将其作为图谱支持的污染物相关概念收录，等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q10899013"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2230"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q10899013","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q10899013"},{"slug":"wikidata-q76706720","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"radioactive pollutants","zh":"放射性污染物"},"summary":{"en":"radioactive substances acting as pollutants. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"放射性污染物是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q76706720"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2235"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q76706720","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q76706720"},{"slug":"wikidata-q122382237","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"short-lived climate pollutants","zh":"short-lived climate pollutants"},"summary":{"en":"short-lived climate pollutants is classified in Wikidata's water-domain hierarchy. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"short-lived climate pollutants是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q122382237"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2220"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q122382237","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q122382237"},{"slug":"wikidata-q50430163","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"soil pollutants","zh":"soil pollutants"},"summary":{"en":"substances which pollute the soil. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"soil pollutants是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q50430163"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2233"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q50430163","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q50430163"},{"slug":"wikidata-q11587672","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"sulfuric acid mist","zh":"sulfuric acid mist"},"summary":{"en":"sulfuric acid mist is classified in Wikidata's water-domain hierarchy. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"sulfuric acid mist是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q11587672"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2218"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q11587672","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q11587672"},{"slug":"wikidata-q50430196","namespace":"contaminant","title":{"en":"water pollutant","zh":"water pollutant"},"summary":{"en":"substance or organism which pollutes the water or body of water. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed contaminant-related concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"water pollutant是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的污染物相关概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q50430196"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2234"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"contaminant"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q50430196","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q50430196"},{"slug":"wikidata-q4693979","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Agricultural wastewater treatment","zh":"農業廢水處理"},"summary":{"en":"farm management agenda for controlling pollution from surface runoff in agriculture chemicals in fertiliser, pesticides, animal slurry, crop residues or irrigation water. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"農業廢水處理是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q4693979"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2174"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q4693979","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q4693979"},{"slug":"wikidata-q56557326","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Clarity for Spas","zh":"Clarity for Spas"},"summary":{"en":"Non-Toxic alternative natural hot tub water treatment products help avoid toxic chlorine and bromine. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"Clarity for Spas是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q56557326"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2161"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q56557326","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q56557326"},{"slug":"wikidata-q18812966","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"De Pasveersloot","zh":"De Pasveersloot"},"summary":{"en":"De Pasveersloot is classified in Wikidata's water-domain hierarchy. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"De Pasveersloot是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q18812966"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2158"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q18812966","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q18812966"},{"slug":"wikidata-q60741441","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"defluoridation","zh":"defluoridation"},"summary":{"en":"water sanitation procedure. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"defluoridation是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q60741441"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2216"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q60741441","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q60741441"},{"slug":"wikidata-q21120248","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"drinking water production","zh":"drinking water production"},"summary":{"en":"drinking water production is classified in Wikidata's water-domain hierarchy. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"drinking water production是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q21120248"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2215"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q21120248","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q21120248"},{"slug":"wikidata-q121494222","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"EcoWater","zh":"EcoWater"},"summary":{"en":"water treatment systems. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"EcoWater是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q121494222"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2165"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q121494222","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q121494222"},{"slug":"wikidata-q122375879","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Estação de Tratamento de Água Guarará","zh":"Estação de Tratamento de Água Guarará"},"summary":{"en":"Estação de Tratamento de Água Guarará is classified in Wikidata's water-domain hierarchy. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"Estação de Tratamento de Água Guarará是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q122375879"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2166"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q122375879","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q122375879"},{"slug":"wikidata-q3272401","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"magnetic water treatment","zh":"磁化水處理"},"summary":{"en":"unproven method of supposedly reducing the effects of hard water. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"磁化水處理是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q3272401"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2157"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q3272401","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q3272401"},{"slug":"wikidata-q21515314","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Omni Processor","zh":"Omni处理器"},"summary":{"en":"sewage processing approach. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"Omni处理器是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q21515314"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2159"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q21515314","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q21515314"},{"slug":"wikidata-q133857617","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Q133857617","zh":"Q133857617"},"summary":{"en":"Q133857617 is classified in Wikidata's water-domain hierarchy. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"Q133857617是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q133857617"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2168"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q133857617","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q133857617"},{"slug":"wikidata-q13429486","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Q13429486","zh":"Q13429486"},"summary":{"en":"Q13429486 is classified in Wikidata's water-domain hierarchy. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"Q13429486是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q13429486"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2214"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q13429486","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q13429486"},{"slug":"wikidata-q2036195","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Q2036195","zh":"Q2036195"},"summary":{"en":"Q2036195 is classified in Wikidata's water-domain hierarchy. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"Q2036195是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q2036195"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2173"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q2036195","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q2036195"},{"slug":"wikidata-q2769129","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Q2769129","zh":"Q2769129"},"summary":{"en":"Q2769129 is classified in Wikidata's water-domain hierarchy. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"Q2769129是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q2769129"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2156"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q2769129","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q2769129"},{"slug":"wikidata-q49445432","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Q49445432","zh":"Q49445432"},"summary":{"en":"Q49445432 is classified in Wikidata's water-domain hierarchy. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"Q49445432是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q49445432"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2160"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q49445432","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q49445432"},{"slug":"wikidata-q150330","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"sedimentation","zh":"沈澱"},"summary":{"en":"physical water treatment process using gravity to remove suspended solids from water. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"沈澱是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q150330"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2169"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q150330","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q150330"},{"slug":"wikidata-q64785391","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"sedimentation pond","zh":"sedimentation pond"},"summary":{"en":"pond or basin for clarifying water from sediments. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"sedimentation pond是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q64785391"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2162"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q64785391","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q64785391"},{"slug":"wikidata-q117838080","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Shiwa Dawnroll Borehole, Offa","zh":"Shiwa Dawnroll Borehole, Offa"},"summary":{"en":"Shiwa Dawnroll Borehole is located in Offa, Nigeria. Company is working in General Business business activities. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"Shiwa Dawnroll Borehole, Offa是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q117838080"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2164"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q117838080","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q117838080"},{"slug":"wikidata-q7540752","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Slingshot","zh":"Slingshot"},"summary":{"en":"Water purification device. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"Slingshot是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q7540752"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2175"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q7540752","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q7540752"},{"slug":"wikidata-q116676615","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Sydney Water Austral facility","zh":"Sydney Water Austral facility"},"summary":{"en":"Sydney Water Austral facility is classified in Wikidata's water-domain hierarchy. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"Sydney Water Austral facility是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q116676615"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2163"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q116676615","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q116676615"},{"slug":"wikidata-q986592","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"upflow anaerobic sludge blanket digestion","zh":"上流式厌氧污泥床"},"summary":{"en":"form of anaerobic digester used for wastewater treatment. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"上流式厌氧污泥床是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q986592"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2170"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q986592","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q986592"},{"slug":"wikidata-q20127660","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"wastewater treatment","zh":"水污染控制"},"summary":{"en":"converting wastewater into an effluent for return to the water cycle. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"水污染控制是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q20127660"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q395"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q20127660","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q20127660"},{"slug":"wikidata-q1075344","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"water chlorination","zh":"氯化"},"summary":{"en":"chorination of water. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"氯化是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q1075344"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2171"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q1075344","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q1075344"},{"slug":"wikidata-q12106850","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"water desinfection","zh":"water desinfection"},"summary":{"en":"water desinfection is classified in Wikidata's water-domain hierarchy. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"water desinfection是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q12106850"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2176"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q12106850","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q12106850"},{"slug":"wikidata-q12193352","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"water pre-treatment","zh":"water pre-treatment"},"summary":{"en":"water pre-treatment is classified in Wikidata's water-domain hierarchy. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"water pre-treatment是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q12193352"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2213"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q12193352","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q12193352"},{"slug":"wikidata-q1463025","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"water purification","zh":"水淨化"},"summary":{"en":"process of removing impurities from water. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"水淨化是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q1463025"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2172"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q1463025","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q1463025"},{"slug":"wikidata-q128215263","namespace":"technology","title":{"en":"Zaria Water Treatment Plant, Kakiyayi","zh":"Zaria Water Treatment Plant, Kakiyayi"},"summary":{"en":"Water treatment plant in Zaria. WaterAtlas represents it as a graph-backed water-domain technology concept pending subject-editor review.","zh":"Zaria Water Treatment Plant, Kakiyayi是从Wikidata导入WaterAtlas知识图谱的水处理技术概念，目前等待主题编辑审核。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Wikidata item","zh":"Wikidata条目"},"value":"Q128215263"},{"label":{"en":"WaterAtlas graph item","zh":"WaterAtlas图谱条目"},"value":"Q2167"},{"label":{"en":"Namespace","zh":"命名空间"},"value":"technology"},{"label":{"en":"Verification tier","zh":"核验等级"},"value":"T0 · imported, unreviewed"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/wikidata-q128215263","web":"/en/wiki/wikidata-q128215263"},{"slug":"who-guidelines-drinking-water-quality","namespace":"regulation","title":{"en":"WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality","zh":"世界卫生组织《饮用水水质准则》"},"summary":{"en":"The WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality provide an international risk-based framework and health-based guideline values used by jurisdictions when developing drinking-water standards.","zh":"世界卫生组织《饮用水水质准则》提供国际通用的风险管理框架和健康指导值，供各司法辖区制定饮用水标准时参考。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Publisher","zh":"发布机构"},"value":"World Health Organization"},{"label":{"en":"Document type","zh":"文件类型"},"value":"International technical guidelines"},{"label":{"en":"Scope","zh":"范围"},"value":"Drinking-water safety and health-based guideline values"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/who-guidelines-drinking-water-quality","web":"/en/wiki/who-guidelines-drinking-water-quality"},{"slug":"eu-drinking-water-directive-2020-2184","namespace":"regulation","title":{"en":"EU Drinking Water Directive (2020/2184)","zh":"欧盟《饮用水指令》（2020/2184）"},"summary":{"en":"Directive (EU) 2020/2184 sets the European Union framework for the quality of water intended for human consumption, including risk-based management, parametric values and consumer information.","zh":"欧盟指令2020/2184规定供人类饮用水的质量框架，包括风险管理、参数限值和消费者信息要求。"},"status":"stub","reviewed":"2026-07-16","infobox":[{"label":{"en":"Jurisdiction","zh":"司法辖区"},"value":"European Union"},{"label":{"en":"Identifier","zh":"编号"},"value":"Directive (EU) 2020/2184"},{"label":{"en":"Status","zh":"状态"},"value":"In force"}],"wics":[],"related":[],"href":"/api/v1/wiki/eu-drinking-water-directive-2020-2184","web":"/en/wiki/eu-drinking-water-directive-2020-2184"}]}